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CPR is a technique we'd employ if somebody is not breathing. CPR stands for cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The act of CPR is to push down on the chest, which squeezes the heart, which forces blood out of the heart, circulating it around the body. The heart can be divided into two sides: The right-hand side of your heart will pump blood to the lungs where it is oxygenated. Once it's been oxygenated, it comes back to the left-hand side of the heart where it's pumped throughout the body's arteries through the body's organs and capillaries and then it comes back to the heart through the veins into the right-hand side again. This continues throughout your life. The heart will beat faster if you exercise and slower as you rest. The heart is an amazing organ and functions no matter what you do, but things can go wrong with it. Your heart beats by firing small electric shocks across it to make it contract from the pacemakers within the heart. This makes the muscles contract causing the beating action of your heart. If there is a problem with your heart, like a blockage, then this can cause a disruption in the supply of oxygen-rich blood, or the heart can go into cardiac arrest when it actually stops beating normally. In around 85% to 90% of the time, the heart will go into what is called VF, ventricular fibrillation. This is described as an abnormal twitching of the heart. When the heart is in VF, it's quivering, it's not actually pumping any blood. When we deliver CPR, what we want to do is we have to push down into the breastbone, which in turn pushes on the heart to force the blood out of the heart and around the body. By delivering CPR, we're not going to start the heart again, we are just going to keep the body supplied with oxygen-rich blood. The only way we are going to start the heart is when a defibrillator is used and we try and interrupt this abnormal twitching of the heart allowing it to start beating again. The paramedics may deliver drugs to try and help the situation. CPR may sound technical, but the technique is very easy. You don't need to know if the heart is beating or what's happening in the heart, we just need to check if they are breathing. If they are not breathing, we commence CPR.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR): Saving Lives
1. Understanding CPR
CPR, or cardiopulmonary resuscitation, is a vital technique employed when someone ceases to breathe. Learn about its significance:
1.1 The Heart's Role
Your heart is a remarkable organ responsible for pumping oxygenated blood throughout your body. Discover how it functions:
- The right-hand side of your heart sends blood to the lungs for oxygenation.
- Oxygenated blood returns to the left-hand side of the heart.
- From there, it's distributed through arteries, capillaries, and organs.
- Deoxygenated blood returns to the heart through veins, completing the cycle.
1.2 Heart's Electrical System
Understand the heart's electric signals and its ability to contract:
- Electric shocks generated within the heart's pacemakers cause muscle contractions.
- These contractions are responsible for the heart's rhythmic beating.
- Blockages or disruptions can impair blood flow or lead to cardiac arrest.
1.3 Ventricular Fibrillation (VF)
In emergency situations, around 85% to 90% of cases involve VF, an abnormal twitching of the heart:
- During VF, the heart quivers, failing to pump blood effectively.
- CPR aims to maintain oxygen-rich blood circulation throughout the body.
- Reviving the heart requires a defibrillator and, sometimes, medications from paramedics.
2. Performing CPR
CPR may seem complex, but the technique is straightforward and can be a lifesaver:
2.1 Check for Breathing
You don't need to assess the heart's activity; simply determine if the person is breathing:
- If no breathing is observed, initiate CPR immediately.
- CPR's primary goal is to sustain oxygen supply to vital organs.
Remember, the heart's restart is achieved through a defibrillator or medical intervention. CPR keeps oxygen flowing until help arrives.